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Cell Phone Jammer

Inside a Cell-phone Jammer Electronically speaking, cell-phone jammers are very basic devices. The simplest just have an on/off switch and a light that indicates it's on. More complex devices have switches to activate jamming at different frequencies. Components of a jammer include: Antenna Every jamming device has an antenna to send the signal. Some are contained within an electrical cabinet. On stronger devices, antennas are external to provide longer range and may be tuned for individual frequencies. Circuitry The main electronic components of a jammer are: • Voltage-controlled oscillator - Generates the radio signal that will interfere with the cell phone signal • Tuning circuit - Controls the frequency at which the jammer broadcasts its signal by sending a particular voltage to the oscillator • Noise generator - Produces random electronic output in a specified frequency range to jam the cell-phone network signal (part of the tuning circuit) • RF amplificati

Flying Tea Bag Rocket

Materials: Tea bag Nonflammable surface (a flat dinner plate works well) Matches or lighter Scissors How to: Remove the staple, string, and label from the tea bag. If your bag of tea is not open on its ends, cut both ends off and empty out the tea into the trash. Unfold the bag of tea so that it is straight. Use your fingers to open up the bag. You will end up with a cylinder shape. Stand the cylinder on one end on your dinner plate. With a lighter, ignite the top of the cylinder. Watch the flame travel down from the top of the cylinder. The tea bag will rise up like a rocket! Explanation: Air Density- the flame heats the air inside the cylinder. Warm air rises above the cooler, less dense air (convection currents). The tea bag then turns to ash that is super lightweight and is lifted by the smoke!

Stalactites

Purpose To naturally grow stalactites. Materials Water, two tiny nails, eighteen inches of string, two one quart milk bottles, and Epsom salts. Experiment Cut the tops off of the two milk containers. Put fifteen teaspoons of Epsom salts and two cups of warm water into each carton. Mix well. Soak the string in one of the containers. Tie a nail to each end of the string as a weight. Hang one end of the string in each of the cartons, which should be placed about a foot apart. Store the cartons somewhere that they will not be disturbed for a couple of weeks. What's forming on the string? **Are there differences information time among stalactites?

Seismology "Recorder"

Stating the Problem - The Big Question How does a seismograph record the magnitude of an earthquake? Materials * Scissors * Ruler * String * Masking Tape * 5-oz (150-ml) Paper Cup * Adding-machine Paper *Black Marking Pen * 5 ounces (150 ml) small rocks * Modeling Clay * Sharpened Pencil *Cardboard Box, measuring about 12 inches (30 cm) on each side * Adult Helper Planning the Procedure 1. Ask an adult to prepare the box as follows: *cut the lid off the box, then turn the box on its side so that the opening faces outward. *Cut a 2-inch (5-cm)-diameter hole in the center of the top of the box. *Cut two t-by-4-inch (1.25-by-1O-cm)slits in the box. Make the first slit in the center of the bottom, near the opening. Make the second slit, in line with the first slit, in the back of the box. 2. Cut a 24-inch (60-cm) section of adding-machine paper. 3. Thread the strip of paper through the slits in the box so that about 2 inches (5 cm) of paper extends pa

A Rheostat

Purpose To prove that electrical current decreases as resistance increases, and to build an instrument that will test this-a rheostat. Materials A large square battery and two short lengths of wire (probably from a hardware store), a small light bulb and socket, a knife, and a lead pencil. Experiment Cut the wood away from a lead pencil until you have exposed about two inches of the lead. Connect one side of the miniature socket with its bulb to one pole of the battery. Strip the ends of the loose wires so that they are no longer insulated. Press the two exposed ends to the lead. If the ends are close together, the bulb will light. As the distance between the two ends is increased, the light intensity decreases. Why does this happen? **Lead is a very poor conductor, a resistor, and as the resistance is increased, the current decreases.

How do atoms and molecules arrange themselves in minerals?

Materials * Large, shallow Baking Pan * 1 teaspoon (5 ml) dishwashing liquid Planning the Procedure * Tap Water * Spoon * Drinking Straw 1. Fill the pan half full with water, then add the dish washing liquid. 2. Gently stir with the spoon to thoroughly mix the liquids without producing any bubbles. 3. Place one end of the straw beneath the surface of the water. 4. Slowly and gently blow through the straw to make a cluster of 5 to 15 bubbles. CAUTION: Only exhale through the straw. Do not inhale. 5. Move the straw to a different location and blow a single bubble. 6. With the straw, move the bubble so that it touches the bubble cluster. 7. Move the straw to a different location and blow through the straw as before to make a cluster of 5 to 15 bubbles. 8. With the straw, move one bubble cluster so that it touches the other bubble cluster. Results The single bubble attaches to the bubble cluster. The two clusters of bubbles join, making one clus

Human Machine

Stating the Problem - The Big Question What kind of simple machine is your forearm? Materials Plastic Bucket with a Handle Planning the Procedure 1. Place your elbow on a table so that your forearm lies flat and your hand extends straight out over the table's edge. The palm of your hand should be face up. 2. Place the handle of the bucket in the hand of your extended arm. 3. Lift your forearm, but do not raise your elbow from the table. Results As the height of your forearm above the table increases, the height of the bucket also increases. This project is Tom Janice VanCleave's book, Guide to the Best Science Fair Projects, New York, Jossey-Bass Publisher, A Wiley Imprint, 1997. The Guide is available on line at: SchooDoodle.com Why? A lever is a simple machine, consisting of a rigid bar and a fixed point of rotation called a fulcrum, that is used to life or movethings. In a third-class lever, such as your forearm, the effort force (

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