All Science Fair Projects for School Students

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Make a Sundial

Shadow sticks or obelisks are simple sundials. If the sun rose and set at the same time and spot on the horizon every day, they would be fairly accurate clocks. However, the sun's path through the sky changes every day because the earth's axis is tilted. On earth's yearly trip around the sun the North Pole is tilted toward the sun half of the time and away from the sun the other half. This means the shadows cast by the sun change from day to day. Sundials only measure local solar time. If a friend had a sundial 5 degrees longitude to the west of your sundial, his sundial would read a different time than yours. This is a simple calculation: the earth turns 360 degrees in about 24 hours, therefore the sun's apparent position moves 360/24 = 15 degrees each hour. So your friend's sundial would read 20 minutes different (earlier) than yours. This difference is only affected by longitude, not latitude. To standardize things, the earth was divided into 24 time zo

Make a Radio

Do you have a transistor radio at home? No? A Transistor radio is great fun; you can listen to music or news almost anywhere. Do you know what a transistor radio is? A transistor radio (or transistor) is a small, often handheld, radio receiver. You can buy a transistor radio these days for as little as Rs. 50. The transistor radios sold in the market require an external power source -- electricity from the mains or from a dry penlight cell. You can make a transistor radio that does not require any form of electrical source to operate. All you need is a few electrical/electronic components. These should be easy to get provided you have some electronic repair shop or a shop that deals in electronic components. The components that you will need and how to get them are described below. You will need several meters of something called enameled wire. Enameled wire is copper wire, coated with dark colored enamel paint. It's thickness is measured in ‘gauge’. What

Make an Electroscope

An electroscope is a device that is used to demonstrate properties of static electricity. Static electricity is a phenomenon that takes many forms. It can be an electric shock you can get after walking over a carpet, or it can be a lightning bolt from the sky. The electroscope demonstrates the repulsive force that is exerted between two nearby objects with the same electric charge. In this activity you will learn to make your own electroscope. You won't need any exotic materials for this activity, all that is needed is readily available and can even be found in your house. First of all you must brush-up your knowledge about static electricity. The following links can help to a large extent; they have been listed according to their level of presentation: To make an electroscope all you need is listed below: 1. An empty glass jar such as a jam jar. 2. A length of stiff copper wire about 12 cm long (or a large steel paper clip). 3. A sheet of aluminum kitchen f

Make a Stethoscope

A stethoscope is an instrument used by doctors to hear sounds generated from within human body. They are used to listen to the heart, lungs and intestinal tract. They are also used for measuring blood pressure. If you dream to be a doctor one day this activity will interest you a lot. You can make simple stethoscope very easily. But first of all you must learn a bit about it. Visit the following website and you will find all the details about a stethoscope in a language that you can follow easily. You may also be interested to know, when and who made the first stethoscope, and how its design has evolved ever since. The following website gives an exhaustive information about all this: A stethoscope as you would now know, is based on the principle of collecting sound waves from a particular area, and transferring them to the ears of its user through a pipe/s. Thus to make a stethoscope you would need something to collect sound waves (like the bell of a doctor's stethos

Make a Telescope

You must have heard about telescopes. If you are lucky you might have even seen one. A telescope is an instrument to view distant celestial objects, like the Moon, planets etc. Common telescope are called optical telescopes. They come in two varieties: refractors and reflectors. In refracting telescope (refractors), the optical system consists of lenses. Both the Objective (the optical system at the front end of the telescope) and the eyepiece (the optical system used to look through the telescope) are lenses. In the reflecting telescopes the objective is a parabolic mirror and the eyepiece is made of lenses. The telescopes used by astronomers are often huge and cannot be constructed very easily. Often the most difficult job when a young enthusiast decides to make a telescope is to find lenses or mirrors. But we have found a design that is suitable for most young students in India. Parabolic mirrors for a reflecting telescope must be ground, which is rather arduous and time cons

Make a Periscope

Are you familiar with the word "submarine"? A submarine is a kind of boat that moves underwater. Submarines are common crafts for the Naval forces of any country. But, while moving underwater, submarines need to know where they are with respect to other objects on the surface of water. The device they use to do this is called a periscope. Periscopes are optical instruments that can afford submariners a limited though vital visual picture outside their windowless hull. Traditionally, periscopes offered the submerged submarine its only glimpse of the outside world. Classic English war movies have also made them the submarine's most familiar feature. For most of us, who are unlikely to come across submarines in real life, a periscope can make it possible to see round corners and over the heads of crowds during processions or at sporting occasions. In a periscope, two mirrors are arranged at 45 degrees to each other. One mirror captures the rays of light from t

Make a Camera

Cameras have become a standard item in many households. You must have seen a camera somewhere, sometime. But do you know, what is a camera? What is inside it? How does it take photographs? The most basic type of camera is the pinhole camera, which one can construct from a cigar box, aluminum foil, and sheet film. In this activity, we'll learn how to make a simple pinhole camera (we call it a pinhole scope) and how it works. A pinhole camera does not have a viewfinder; neither does it have any control of aperture or shutter time. One has to do them manually. But it cost so little. The major difficulty is in fixing the photographic paper/film and developing it. If you think your circumstances do not permit you to experiment with photographic paper or film, you can still see how the image is formed in such a camera. A very simple description to make such a pinhole camera is provided at the following website, (don't be put off by the brand name of the container

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